In real property definitions, what does "fixtures" refer to?

The term "fixtures" in real property law refers to items that are permanently attached to a building or land in such a way that they become part of the property. This definition emphasizes the idea that when an item is affixed securely and intends to remain with the property even if ownership changes, it is classified as a fixture.

Fixtures usually include components such as built-in appliances, lighting fixtures, or cabinetry, as these are integral to the structure and functionality of the property. This distinction is significant because fixtures impact property rights during sales or transfers, indicating that these items typically remain with the property rather than being considered personal property.

Movable items and easily removable objects don’t qualify as fixtures because they have not been permanently affixed to the property. Tools and equipment associated with farming might also be considered personal property rather than fixtures since they are typically used independently of the land itself. Thus, understanding the definition of fixtures is essential for appraisers, property owners, and potential buyers to clarify what is included in the real property sale.